India has been a predominantly an agrarian economy since time immemorial. The developmental efforts over the last few decades have been doubtlessly strengthened our industrial base. However, agriculture continues to be the mainstay of our economy even today. In India, keeping milch animals has been never a separate occupation from agriculture. Thus, rural economy is closely tied up with milch animals. Dairying plays a crucial role in the economy of our country. It helps in augmenting food supply, generating employment and raising nutritional level. It is a major source of income to the small and marginal farmers. The major advantage of dairy farming is its minimum land dependency and resource flexibility. Global consumption, production, and trade of livestock products have increased rapidly in the last two decades and are expected to continue. At the same time, safety concerns regarding human and animal disease associated with livestock products are increasing.